How to Recycle E-Waste?

India is in the midst of a digital revolution, with electronic goods such as smartphones, laptops and televisions flooding households across the nation. But as we rapidly embrace new technology, we are creating a ticking environmental time bomb - a massive stream of electronic waste or e-waste with no adequate disposal system. 

E-waste, or electronic waste, includes discarded electronic devices, from smartphones and laptops to refrigerators and TVs. So, what happens to all our old electronics when we discard them? The harsh reality is that much of this "e-waste" ends up in landfills or incinerators, contaminating soil and groundwater. Properly recycling our electronic waste is crucial for protecting the planet and conserving valuable materials including gold, silver, and rare earth metals used in electronics manufacturing. 

Why recycle e-waste?

According to Central Pollution Control Board (CPCB) estimates (2021-2022), India generates about 1.6 million tonnes of e-waste annually, out of which computers and electronics account for over 70%. However, only about 33% of India's total e-waste makes its way to authorised recyclers and dismantlers. A staggering portion of this e-waste is recycled by the unorganised sector using unscientific procedures like burning, acid baths, and toxic dumping. Recycling e-waste helps recover valuable materials, reduces the need for raw materials, and minimises environmental pollution.

In 2016, the Indian government introduced E-Waste Management Rules to promote effective e-waste disposal. The rules assign responsibilities to manufacturers, dealers, refurbishers and Producer Responsibility Organisations (PROs) to establish systems for managing e-waste. 

However, a lack of public awareness and implementation challenges have severely limited the effectiveness of these rules so far. Here's everything you need to know about responsibly recycling your old gadgets.

Step-by-Step Guide to Recycling Old Gadgets

1. Reduce, reuse: Try to extend the life of electronic products through repairs before disposing of them. If your device is still functional, consider donating it to organisations or schools that can give it a second life.

2. Back up data: Ensure all personal data is backed up and then erased from the devices.

3. Find an authorised recycler: Check if your city has an authorised e-waste collection centre or PRO. Many municipalities offer e-waste recycling services, often in partnership with waste management companies. Several companies such as Croma, Apple, and Samsung have tie-ups to collect e-waste from homes.

4. Drop off your e-waste: Take your items to designated recycling points. Some retailers and manufacturers also offer exchange programmes for old electronics and gadgets.

By following these steps, you can ensure that your old gadgets are disposed of responsibly, protecting the environment and your health.